GetCurrentThreadId VirtualFree HeapCreate VirtualAlloc HeapAlloc GetStartupInfoA HeapDestroy GetStdHandle SetHandleCount GetFileType DeleteCriticalSection InitializeCriticalSection GetCommandLineA HeapFree GetVersion EnterCriticalSection GetCurrentProcess LeaveCriticalSection TerminateProces FormatMessageA ExitProcess USER32.dll GetSystemMetrics CallWindowProcA SetWindowLongA GDI32.dll ChoosePixelFormat SwapBuffers CreateDCA DeleteObject DescribePixelFormat CreateCompatibleDC SetPixelFormat CreateDIBSection SelectObject DeleteDC OPENGL32.dll glLogicOp glAlphaFunc glPolygonMode glLightModelfv glPolygonOffset glViewport glLineWidth glMultMatrixd glPointSize glTexGenfv glTexGeni glHint glCullFace glFogfv glPopAttrib glLoadIdentity glPushAttrib glMaterialfv 331
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TextureUnitStateRetained _TextureUnitStateRetained_updateTextureUnitState@20 Texture _Texture_freeTexture@16 TransparencyAttributesRetained _TransparencyAttributesRetained_updateNative@40 18.12.2 Imported methods The J3D.DLL Windows library of course also imports methods from other Windows libraries. The list that follows describes the methods that the J3D.DLL library relies upon from other Windows libraries. This information is not particularly relevant except for the imports from OPENGL32.DLL (which is the standard OpenGL library on Windows). By looking at these imports you can see exactly which OpenGL functions the Sun Java 3D requires and uses. KERNEL32.dll GetLastError GetSystemInfo LCMapStringW RtlUnwind LCMapStringA CloseHandle SetFilePointer SetStdHandle LoadLibraryA SetEnvironmentVariableA GetACP CompareStringW GetOEMCP GetCPInfo CompareStringA GetStringTypeA MultiByteToWideChar GetStringTypeW InterlockedIncrement InterlockedDecrement FlushFileBuffers GetEnvironmentStringsW GetEnvironmentStrings WriteFile FreeEnvironmentStringsA GetModuleFileNameA FreeEnvironmentStringsW GetModuleHandleA GetProcAddress WideCharToMultiByte TlsGetValue SetLastError TlsAlloc TlsSetValue TlsFree HeapReAlloc 330
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GeometryArrayRetained _GeometryArrayRetained_buildGA@64 _GeometryArrayRetained_defineByteColorPointer@44 _GeometryArrayRetained_defineDoubleVertexPointer@20 _GeometryArrayRetained_defineFloatColorPointer@44 _GeometryArrayRetained_defineFloatVertexPointer@20 _GeometryArrayRetained_defineNormalPointer@20 _GeometryArrayRetained_defineTexCoordPointer@28 _GeometryArrayRetained_disableGlobalAlpha@24 _GeometryArrayRetained_execute@76 _GeometryArrayRetained_executeInterLeaved@72 _GeometryArrayRetained_executeVA@32 _GeometryArrayRetained_globalAlphaSUN@8 _GeometryArrayRetained_setVertexFormat@20 GraphicsContext3D _GraphicsContext3D_readRasterNative@48 LineAttributesRetained _LineAttributesRetained_updateNative@32 LinearFogRetained _LinearFogRetained_update@40 MasterControl _MasterControl_getMaximumLights@8 _MasterControl_getNumberOfProcessor@8 _MasterControl_getThreadConcurrency@8 _MasterControl_initializeJ3D@8 _MasterControl_setThreadConcurrency@12 MaterialRetained _MaterialRetained_updateNative@84 ModelClipRetained _ModelClipRetained_update@52 NativeConfigTemplate3D _NativeConfigTemplate3D_choosePixelFormat@16 _NativeConfigTemplate3D_isDoubleBufferAvailable@24 _NativeConfigTemplate3D_isSceneAntialiasingAvailable@24 _NativeConfigTemplate3D_isStereoAvailable@24 NativeWSInfo _NativeWSInfo_subclass@12 328
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PointAttributesRetained _PointAttributesRetained_updateNative@20 PointLightRetained _PointLightRetained_updateLight@52 PolygonAttributesRetained _PolygonAttributesRetained_updateNative@32 RasterRetained _RasterRetained_execute@56 Renderer _Renderer_freeContext@16 RenderingAttributesRetained _RenderingAttributesRetained_updateNative@48 Screen3D _Screen3D_getDisplayParameters@24 SpotLightRetained _SpotLightRetained_updateLight@72 TexCoordGenerationRetained _TexCoordGenerationRetained_updateNative@76 Texture3DRetained _Texture3DRetained_bindTexture@20 _Texture3DRetained_updateTextureFields@52 _Texture3DRetained_updateTextureImage@44 TextureAttributesRetained _TextureAttributesRetained_updateNative@44 _TextureAttributesRetained_updateTextureColorTableNative@ TextureRetained _TextureRetained_bindTexture@20 _TextureRetained_updateTextureFields@48 _TextureRetained_updateTextureImage@40 _TextureRetained_updateTextureSubImage@44 329
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_Canvas3D_decalNthChildSetup@12 _Canvas3D_decalReset@16 _Canvas3D_destroyContext@20 _Canvas3D_destroyOffScreenBuffer@20 _Canvas3D_disableFog@12 _Canvas3D_disableModelClip@12 _Canvas3D_endDisplayList@12 _Canvas3D_freeDisplayList@16 _Canvas3D_freeTexture@16 _Canvas3D_getNumCtxLights@12 _Canvas3D_getTextureColorTableSize@12 _Canvas3D_getTextureUnitCount@12 _Canvas3D_newDisplayList@16 _Canvas3D_readOffScreenBuffer@24 _Canvas3D_resetColoringAttributes@32 _Canvas3D_resetLineAttributes@12 _Canvas3D_resetPointAttributes@12 _Canvas3D_resetPolygonAttributes@12 _Canvas3D_resetRenderingAttributes@20 _Canvas3D_resetTexCoordGeneration@12 _Canvas3D_resetTextureAttributes@12 _Canvas3D_resetTextureNative@16 _Canvas3D_resetTransparency@24 _Canvas3D_setBlendFunc@20 _Canvas3D_setDepthBufferWriteEnable@16 _Canvas3D_setDepthFunc@16 _Canvas3D_setFogEnableFlag@16 _Canvas3D_setLightEnables@24 _Canvas3D_setLightingEnable@16 _Canvas3D_setModelViewMatrix@20 _Canvas3D_setProjectionMatrix@16 _Canvas3D_setRenderMode@20 _Canvas3D_setSceneAmbient@24 _Canvas3D_setViewport@28 _Canvas3D_swapBuffers@20 _Canvas3D_syncRender@16 _Canvas3D_texturemapping@48 _Canvas3D_updateMaterial@28 _Canvas3D_useCtx@20 _Canvas3D_useSharedCtx@8 ColoringAttributesRetained _ColoringAttributesRetained_updateNative@48 CompressedGeometryRetained _CompressedGeometryRetained_decompressByRef@12 _CompressedGeometryRetained_decompressHW@20 _CompressedGeometryRetained_execute@40 DirectionalLightRetained _DirectionalLightRetained_updateLight@40 ExponentialFogRetained _ExponentialFogRetained_update@28 327
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BEHAVIOR 17 GROUP 23 SWITCH 18 TRANSFORMGROUP 24 BRANCHGROUP 19 BOUNDINGLEAF 25 ORDEREDGROUP 20 MODELCLIP 26 DECALGROUP 21 ALTERNATEAPPEARANCE 27 SHAREDGROUP 22 ORIENTEDSHAPE3D 28 18.11 Exception Strings Read from ExceptionStrings.properties (inside J3DCORE.JAR). Appearance0=Appearance: no capability to set material Appearance1=Appearance: no capability to get material Appearance2=Appearance: no capability to set texture Appearance3=Appearance: no capability to get texture Appearance4=Appearance: no capability to set textureAttributes Appearance5=Appearance: no capability to get textureAttributes And so forth 18.12 J3D DLL The native methods within the Java 3D implementation are packaged within J3D.DLL (for Windows) and called using JNI from the Java code. The native code implements a procedural API for both OpenGL and DirectX rendering. There are many programming tools that can list the signatures of the methods exported from a Windows DLL. The native method listings which follow are useful in that they not only expose where Java 3D calls down into native code but they also provide a blueprint for how an ambitious programmer might patch or hook a native DLL to implement an alternative rendering scheme or produce debugging output. 18.12.1 Exported methods The following lists are sorted by ordinal (the numeric index of an exported method within a DLL) and arranged by Java 3D class. Prepend java_javax_media_j3dto the names in the following lists. For example J3D.DLL exports a method called java_javax_media_j3d_Canvas3D_callDisplayListwhich implements the method callDisplayListwhich was declared as native within the Canvad3Dclass. Canvas3D _Canvas3D_accum@16 _Canvas3D_accumReturn@12 _Canvas3D_callDisplayList@20 _Canvas3D_clear@28 _Canvas3D_clearAccum@28 _Canvas3D_composite@40 _Canvas3D_createContext@28 _Canvas3D_createOffScreenBuffer@28 _Canvas3D_createQueryContext@24 _Canvas3D_ctxUpdateEyeLightingEnable@16 _Canvas3D_decal1stChildSetup@12 326
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BitSet capabilities A BitSetis an object that contains the capability bits that have been set on the SceneGraphObject. SceneGraphObjectRetained retained The retained field holds the private Java 3D implementation object for this SceneGraphObject. The SceneGraphObjectRetainedmaintains a reference to its source object and implements several setLivemethods that can be overridden to respond in a Nodespecific manner. By having an internal delegate class separate from the public implementation class defined by the specification Sun has more leeway in modifying the implementation without breaking the API or exposing protected or package level access to methods or fields. private boolean compiled This field is trueif this node has been compiled. private boolean live This field is trueif this node has been attached to a live scenegraph. private boolean liveOrCompiled This field is trueif this node has been attached to a live scenegraph or has been compiled. private Object userData This field holds a reference to the User Data object for this scenegraph node. Hashtable nodeHashtable Some ScenegraphObjectshave a Hashtableof NodeComponentsassociated with them. 18.10 Node types Table 18.10 contains a list of Nodetypes and their identifiers. Table 18.10 Thread Group: System Name Identifier Name Identifier BACKGROUND 1 LINK 9 CLIP 2 MORPH 10 LINEARFOG 3 SHAPE 11 EXPONENTIALFOG 4 BACKGROUNDSOUND 12 AMBIENTLIGHT 5 POINTSOUND 13 DIRECTIONALLIGHT 6 CONESOUND 14 POINTLIGHT 7 SOUNDSCAPE 15 SPOTLIGHT 8 VIEWPLATFORM 16 325
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18.6.2 RenderAtoms and RenderMolecule RenderAtomsare self-contained rendering units that can be passed to the underlying rendering engine. The RenderAtomcontains lights, fog, model clipping information, an Appearance, and a model transformation matrix. RenderAtomscan be linked using double linked-list RenderAtommembers within the RenderAtomclass. Higher level rendering operations are described using the RenderMoleculeclass. In addition to maintaining a list of RenderAtoms, RenderMoleculesare able to remove redundant changes in Appearancebetween consecutive RenderAtoms. In this way, the number of Appearancestate changes (Appearance, Material, Transparency, etc.) performed by the underlying rendering engine is minimized. 18.7 StructureUpdateThread The StructureUpdateThreadis a J3dThreadthat can be attached to a J3dStructureobject to perform message processing. The StructureUpdateThreadinstances are: J3D-GeometryStructureUpdateThread J3D-RenderStructureUpdateThread J3D-BehaviorStructureUpdateThread J3D-SoundStructureUpdateThread J3D-RenderingAttributesStructureUpdateThread J3D-RenderingEnvironmentStructureUpdateThread J3D-TransformStructureUpdateThread J3D-SoundSchedulerUpdateThread The StructureUpdateThreadis attached to an instance of a J3dStructureobject, and its doWork method calls the processMessagesmethod on the J3dStructure. The various classes derived from J3dStructure(such as SoundStructure) implement structure specific message execution. 18.8 TimerThread The J3D-TimerThreadmanages: Any number of WakeupOnElapsedTimeobjects, stored in a WakeupOnElaspsedTimeHeap (sorted, resizable array) 1 InputDeviceScheduler(sampling time loaded from Systemproperty) 1 SoundScheduler(WakeupOnElapsedTimeevery 2 minutes, by default) The TimerThreadwill call the setTriggeredmethod on each WakeupOnElapsedTimeas appropriate. 18.9 SceneGraphObject SceneGraphObjectis the base class for all the objects that can be added to a Java 3D scenegraph. It includes a number of interesting capabilities and defines some general architectural principals for Java 3D (such as capability bits and the retained delegate class pattern). The attributes of the SceneGraphObject class are described in more detail next. 324
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3. Renders the background geometry 4. Sets the frustrum planes for rendering 5. Renders the opaque geometry 6. Renders the ordered geometry 7. Calls renderFieldon the Canvas3D 8. Renders the semitransparent geometry 9. Calls postRenderon the Canvas3D 10. Performs offscreen rendering 18.6.1 GraphicsContext3D commands Table 18.9 lists the rendering commands that are used along with a RendererStructureinstance to determine which methods on the GraphicsContext3Dneed to be invoked to execute a given command. Table 18.9 GraphicsContext3D commands Command Index CLEAR 0 DRAW 1 SWAP 2 READ_RASTER 3 SET_APPEARANCE 4 SET_BACKGROUND 5 SET_FOG 6 SET_LIGHT 7 INSERT_LIGHT 8 REMOVE_LIGHT 9 ADD_LIGHT 10 SET_HI_RES 11 SET_MODEL_TRANSFORM 12 MULTIPLY_MODEL_TRANSFORM 13 SET_SOUND 14 INSERT_SOUND 15 REMOVE_SOUND 16 ADD_SOUND 17 SET_AURAL_ATTRIBUTES 18 SET_BUFFER_OVERRIDE 19 SET_FRONT_BUFFER_RENDERING 20 SET_STEREO_MODE 21 FLUSH 22 FLUSH2D 23 SET_MODELCLIP 24 323
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j3d.deviceSampleTime 0 Input device sampling time. j3d.debug False Switch on Java 3D debug output. Currently only used by the MasterController. Javax.media.j3d.compileStats None Output scenegraph compilation statistics Javax.media.j3d.compileVerbose None Output verbose message when compiling scenegraph 18.4 BehaviorScheduler The BehaviorScheduleris responsible for activating all the Behaviorsregistered with a VirtualUniverse. For active and activated Behaviors, the processStimulusmethod is called on the Behavior. The BehaviorSchedulerintegrates tightly with the BehaviorStructureclass, which maintains lists of all the Behaviorsthat have been created for a VirtualUniverseinstance. The BehaviorStructurealso contains much of the logic to determine when a Behaviorhas been activated, whether due to an AWT event, BehaviorID being posted, Boundsintersection, Sensorcondition, or a Transform3Dchange. 18.5 InputDeviceScheduler The InputDeviceSchedulermaintains lists of nonblocking and blocking Java 3D InputDevices. It calls pollAndProcessInputon each nonblocking InputDevice. 18.6 Renderer Name: J3D-Renderer-INSTANCE# A Rendererinstance is created for each screen device that is to be rendered into. The Rendererinstances are kept in a static Hashtablein the Screen3Dclass. The Renderercalls into the Canvas3Dinstances (second JThreadDataargument) that are available for rendering. If a device supports swapping, there may be multiple Canvas3Dsin the second argument. Rendereruses the first argument, which is one of the GraphicsContext3Drendering commands (see table 18.9). The Rendererextracts the messages from the RendererStructureand calls methods on the GraphicsContext3Das appropriate. The complex RendererdoWorkmethod implements the main Java 3D rendering loop. It sets up the projection matrices, handles stereoscopic rendering, and performs the main rendering loop; specifically, it: 1. Clears the background using the background fill color 2. Calls preRenderon the Canvas3D 322
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